{"id":44286,"date":"2023-11-06T15:45:17","date_gmt":"2023-11-06T13:45:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/circutor.com\/?p=44286"},"modified":"2025-10-07T14:55:37","modified_gmt":"2025-10-07T12:55:37","slug":"automatisation-et-gestion-a-distance-des-installations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/circutor.com\/fr\/articles-fr\/automatisation-et-gestion-a-distance-des-installations\/","title":{"rendered":"Automatisation et gestion \u00e0 distance des installations"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u00c0 propos de l\u2019automatisation et de la gestion \u00e0 distance des installations<\/h2>\n

En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, la surveillance \u00e0 distance des installations porte sur la gestion et le contr\u00f4le d\u2019un ou de plusieurs centres depuis un emplacement centralis\u00e9. Dans la plupart des cas, cela implique le d\u00e9ploiement d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de surveillance locale qui collecte les donn\u00e9es des capteurs, et d\u2019un logiciel o\u00f9 ces donn\u00e9es sont envoy\u00e9es et analys\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Concr\u00e8tement, la solution de gestion \u00e0 distance des installations requiert souvent la capacit\u00e9 de pouvoir d\u00e9velopper le nombre d\u2019installations surveill\u00e9es de fa\u00e7on rapide et efficace. Il faut notamment disposer de panneaux de contr\u00f4le centralis\u00e9s et de tableaux de bord enti\u00e8rement adaptables au nombre d\u2019installations contr\u00f4l\u00e9es.[\/vc_column_text][vc_separator css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679645272436{margin-top: 20px !important;margin-bottom: 40px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Situation initiale<\/h2>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner equal_height=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679652614176{margin-bottom: 40px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2″][vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb36152″ img_size=\u00a0\u00bbfull\u00a0\u00bb style=\u00a0\u00bbvc_box_rounded\u00a0\u00bb css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeIn\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2″][vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb36144″ img_size=\u00a0\u00bbfull\u00a0\u00bb style=\u00a0\u00bbvc_box_rounded\u00a0\u00bb css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeIn\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1699273898115{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]Dans le cas qui nous occupe, nous nous pencherons sur le projet de l\u2019embl\u00e9matique Escola Pia<\/a> de Terrassa<\/a> mis en \u0153uvre par notre partenaire BIO-DAT<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Pour une gestion optimale de l\u2019installation, la strat\u00e9gie doit toujours comporter au moins deux phases.<\/p>\n

La premi\u00e8re, tant en ordre chronologique qu\u2019en importance, concerne la surveillance, qui repose sur l\u2019installation de dispositifs de collecte de donn\u00e9es adapt\u00e9s aux besoins du projet.<\/p>\n

Cette phase int\u00e8gre les compteurs de consommation \u00e9lectrique, les compteurs d\u2019eau \u00e0 sortie puls\u00e9e, les contr\u00f4leurs de processus de fabrication, les capteurs de temp\u00e9rature et d\u2019humidit\u00e9, l\u2019installation de sondes analogiques, etc. Les objectifs de notre projet d\u00e9termineront le type et la quantit\u00e9 de dispositifs de surveillance \u00e0 installer, et il est essentiel de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une \u00e9tude pr\u00e9alable pour fixer les objectifs de la gestion.<\/p>\n

La deuxi\u00e8me phase concerne le contr\u00f4le, qui ne peut \u00eatre mis en \u0153uvre correctement qu\u2019apr\u00e8s une p\u00e9riode de suivi et d\u2019analyse des donn\u00e9es obtenues. La strat\u00e9gie visant \u00e0 appliquer les m\u00eames r\u00e8gles de contr\u00f4le \u00e0 toutes les installations \u00e0 g\u00e9rer ne donne g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement pas des r\u00e9sultats optimaux, si on la compare \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude au cas par cas. Cette derni\u00e8re fournirait une meilleure programmation, notamment au niveau des proc\u00e9dures horaires et conditionnelles.<\/p>\n

Vu ce qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de, il est n\u00e9cessaire de fixer des buts et objectifs pour toutes les \u00e9tudes. Ceux-ci se divisent en deux blocs :[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner equal_height=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1699278423464{margin-bottom: 40px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2″][vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2″][vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679645272436{margin-top: 20px !important;margin-bottom: 40px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1699277639951{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Solution appliqu\u00e9e<\/h2>\n

Une fois les objectifs d\u00e9finis, c\u2019est le moment de passer l\u2019action, ce qui implique notamment le choix des dispositifs et des communications adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 chaque projet.<\/p>\n

Dans le cas de la Escola P\u00eda de Terrassa, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 tenu compte de la grande \u00e9tendue couverte et des d\u00e9nivel\u00e9s du terrain, ainsi que de la difficult\u00e9 et du co\u00fbt \u00e9lev\u00e9 impliqu\u00e9s dans le c\u00e2blage de l\u2019ensemble de l\u2019installation. Sur plan, la solution appropri\u00e9e a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9finie sur la base des crit\u00e8res suivants :[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb36186″ img_size=\u00a0\u00bbfull\u00a0\u00bb style=\u00a0\u00bbvc_box_rounded\u00a0\u00bb css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeIn\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679653598137{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1759841733035{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]Pour la surveillance des param\u00e8tres instantan\u00e9s, il est n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019installer des dispositifs c\u00e2bl\u00e9s auxquels nous pouvons acc\u00e9der rapidement par des communications industrielles telles que Modbus RTU ou Modbus TCP. Pour ce projet, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cid\u00e9 d\u2019installer Pick VPN en tant que gestionnaire de l\u2019installation et SEM Three pour la surveillance de la consommation \u00e9lectrique.<\/p>\n

En revanche, pour le contr\u00f4le d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ments non critiques, nous pouvons opter pour des communications sans fil \u00e0 grande port\u00e9e, comme LoRa. Ces communications nous permettront d\u2019envoyer des ordres sans fil \u00e0 des distances sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 15 km en ext\u00e9rieur et \u00e0 1 km en int\u00e9rieur. Pour utiliser un seul protocole de communication, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de choisir Bridge LR<\/a><\/strong> pour convertir RS-485 Modbus \u00e0 LoRa converter, et LM-D44<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0pour agir sur l\u2019irrigation, l\u2019\u00e9clairage et la ventilation du centre.<\/p>\n

Ci-dessous, vous trouverez le sch\u00e9ma de surveillance et de contr\u00f4le \u00e0 distance de cette installation. Nous y indiquons en d\u00e9tail la combinaison, dans un m\u00eame r\u00e9seau de dispositifs, des capteurs c\u00e2bl\u00e9s et sans fil, ainsi que celle des capteurs de surveillance et ceux de contr\u00f4le :[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb43222″ img_size=\u00a0\u00bbfull\u00a0\u00bb style=\u00a0\u00bbvc_box_rounded\u00a0\u00bb css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeIn\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1695219471015{margin-bottom: 20px !important;background-color: #e7e7e7 !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_separator css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679645272436{margin-top: 20px !important;margin-bottom: 40px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1699277956027{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

R\u00e9sultats<\/h2>\n

Enfin, nous avons pu constater, dans les r\u00e9sultats du projet, l\u2019impact r\u00e9el du syst\u00e8me de surveillance et de contr\u00f4le DataBox sur l\u2019installation.<\/p>\n

En ce qui concerne le contr\u00f4le, l\u2019am\u00e9lioration a \u00e9t\u00e9 instantan\u00e9e, en raison du passage d\u2019un syst\u00e8me manuel \u00e0 un syst\u00e8me 100 % automatis\u00e9, qui g\u00e8re la dur\u00e9e exacte de chaque processus sans laisser de marge d\u2019erreur \u00e0 l\u2019action humaine.<\/p>\n

La gestion et la pr\u00e9vention des alarmes vont dans le m\u00eame sens, activant un syst\u00e8me de surveillance constante de tous les circuits critiques afin d\u2019\u00e9viter les pannes et les p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s possibles de puissance et d\u2019\u00e9nergie r\u00e9active.<\/p>\n

Enfin, et en \u00e9troite relation avec les r\u00e9sultats mentionn\u00e9s ci-dessus, nous pouvons mentionner les \u00e9conomies globales. La surveillance de la consommation d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 a permis de d\u00e9tecter une puissance souscrite sup\u00e9rieure aux besoins du centre qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 abaiss\u00e9e \u00e0 des niveaux optimaux.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1699277972905{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]Voici un tableau r\u00e9capitulatif des r\u00e9sultats :[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner content_placement=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679652111753{margin-bottom: 20px !important;padding-top: 20px !important;padding-right: 20px !important;padding-bottom: 20px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;background-color: #5cba99 !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4″][vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb36169″ css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeIn\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679653426429{margin-right: 20px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb3\/4″][vc_column_text css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeInRight\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Automatisation compl\u00e8te des processus manuels<\/u><\/strong>, y compris l\u2019allumage\/la mise hors tension des circuits \u00e0 diff\u00e9rentes heures.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679652122118{margin-bottom: 20px !important;padding-top: 20px !important;padding-right: 20px !important;padding-bottom: 20px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;background-color: #5cba99 !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4″][vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb36177″ css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeIn\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679653437809{margin-right: 20px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb3\/4″][vc_column_text css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeInRight\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

25 % d\u2019\u00e9conomies <\/u><\/strong> sur la base de la r\u00e9duction de la puissance souscrite, des non-p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s en r\u00e9active et du contr\u00f4le de la dur\u00e9e des processus programm\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679652128237{margin-bottom: 20px !important;padding-top: 20px !important;padding-right: 20px !important;padding-bottom: 20px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;background-color: #5cba99 !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4″][vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb36161″ css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeIn\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679653449222{margin-right: 20px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb3\/4″][vc_column_text css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeInRight\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Surveillance des alarmes en temps r\u00e9el <\/u><\/strong>afin de pr\u00e9venir les pannes et les arr\u00eats au niveau de l\u2019\u00e9clairage, de l\u2019irrigation et de la ventilation, et les p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s sur la facture \u00e9lectrique.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1679645272436{margin-top: 20px !important;margin-bottom: 40px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] \u00c0 propos de l\u2019automatisation et de la gestion \u00e0 distance des installations En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, la surveillance \u00e0 distance des installations porte sur la gestion et le contr\u00f4le d\u2019un ou de plusieurs centres depuis un emplacement centralis\u00e9. Dans la plupart des cas, cela implique le d\u00e9ploiement d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de surveillance locale qui collecte les donn\u00e9es […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":36117,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3522,3528],"tags":[3596,3656],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAutomatisation et gestion \u00e0 distance des installations - CIRCUTOR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/circutor.com\/fr\/articles-fr\/automatisation-et-gestion-a-distance-des-installations\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Automatisation et gestion \u00e0 distance des installations - CIRCUTOR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] \u00c0 propos de l\u2019automatisation et de la gestion \u00e0 distance des installations En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, la surveillance \u00e0 distance des installations porte sur la gestion et le contr\u00f4le d\u2019un ou de plusieurs centres depuis un emplacement centralis\u00e9. 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